Experimental study of inspection on SiC coated high-temperature alloy plates with defects using pulsed thermographic technique

The pulsed thermographic technique was used to detect flat-bottomed hole defects in SiC coated high-temperature alloy plates. Temperature–time Logarithm Fitting Method (TtLFM), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pulsed Phase Thermography (PPT) were used to extract the characteristic information of the thermal wave signal generated by thermal pulse. It is found that PCA algorithm is available for analyzing the thermal wave signal generated by thermal pulse due to higher signal–noise ratio. Experiments were performed to investigate the effect on the thermal contrast by the pulse intensity, frame rate and analysis moment, respectively. Experimental results show that larger pulse intensity and frame rate are benefit to get larger thermal contrast thermogram, and optimal analysis moment selected is helpful to detect the defects of SiC coated high-temperature alloy plates using pulsed thermographic technique.     

凸函数的几何特征与分类

由凸函数的充要条件,证明关于凸函数的三个命题,据以讨论凸函数的几何特征,给出凸函数的三种分类以及其对应图形,由此得出关于凸函数的几个结论.     

带有到达时间和拒绝费用工件的同类机排序问题

研究了工件带有拒绝费用的m台同类机在线排序问题,m台机器的速度分别为s₁=s₂=…=s_m-1=1,s_m=s,当工件到达时,可以接收加工,占用一定的加工时间,也可以拒绝,付出相应的罚值. 目标是被接收工件的最长完工时间（makespan）与被拒绝工件的总罚值之和最小. 对工件2次到达时间问题（零时刻和r时刻各到达一批工件）设计了在线算法H,并证明该算法的竞争比为4-（2s）/（s+m-1）.     

具有服务等级的可拒绝平行机排序问题

研究了将服务等级与拒绝费用2种模型复合起来的平行机排序问题.设有2台平行机M₁,M₂,加工速度相同;n个工件J₁,J₂,…,J_n分别按列表在线到达,每个工件J_j含有3个参数：加工长度t_j、拒绝费用p_j以及服务等级g_j=1,2.当工件到达时,可以接收加工,占用一定的加工时间;亦可拒绝,付出相应的罚值.目标为被接收工件的最大完工时间与被拒绝工件的总罚值之和最小.进一步,当且仅当g（M_i）≤g_j时,工件J_j可以分配给机器M_i加工,即机器M₁可以加工所有工件,机器M₂只能加工等级为g_j=2的工件,允许中断加工.设计了在线算法PH,并证明其竞争比为1+(√2)/(2)≈1.707,下界为1.618,上下界差约为0.089.     

Investigation of aerodynamic effects on the high-speed train exposed to longitudinal and lateral wind velocities

The wind stability of the high-speed train has gained an increasing interest in the last few years. In this paper, an investigation of the effects of stochastic winds with longitudinal and lateral components on the high-speed train is described. The longitudinal and lateral wind time histories at the position of a moving vehicle, for a variety of wind directions, are first simulated. An algorithm for computing the unsteady aerodynamic load time histories is then derived for a moving vehicle. A typical railway vehicle has been modeled using the vehicle dynamic simulation package ‘Simpack’, and the unsteady wind loads of the same vehicle are applied to the vehicle model to investigate the dynamic response behavior. The simulated vehicle behavior is assessed against the indicator of load reduction factor, which indicates wheel unloading and therefore potential roll over. The characteristic wind curves (CWC) and its spread range are then obtained to evaluate the operational safety of the high-speed train. The results demonstrate that the operational safety of the high-speed train will be overestimated if the lateral wind velocity is not considered, especially for the small angles between vehicle and wind.     

应用于高速轮轨滚动接触的蠕滑理论算法对比研究

运用多体动力学仿真软件UM建立了车辆-轨道多体动力学模型，并基于轮轨滚动蠕滑理论对比分析了FASTSIM算法与CONTACT算法两者在稳态和瞬态滚动状态中轮轨动态作用力之间的差异.计算结果表明:列车以稳态滚动状态行驶在直线轨道和曲线轨道上时通过FASTSIM算法计算得出的横、纵向轮轨蠕滑力与CONTACT算法的计算值存在的差异值较小，达到了10%~15%，而在瞬态滚动状态下尤其是在大蠕滑以及考虑风阻等比较恶劣的工况下行驶时计算得出的横、纵向蠕滑力与CONTACT算法的计算值存在较大的误差，差值达到了25%，并且随着车速的增加，最大差异值达到了30%，这表明CONTACT算法在瞬态滚动工况下进行蠕滑力计算上相比于FASTSIM算法更加精准，更适用于作出对列车运行时的安全性方面的评价.      

Propagation properties of partially coherent Hermite–cosh-Gaussian beams through atmospheric turbulence

The analytical expression of partially coherent Hermite–cosh-Gaussian (HChG) beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence is derived and used to study their propagation properties through atmospheric turbulence. It is shown that partially coherent HChG beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence undergo several stages of evolution and a decrease of the spatial correlation length speeds up the evolution process. The smaller the spatial correlation length and the larger the beam orders are, the less the beam-width spreading of partially coherent HChG beams is affected by turbulence. At a sufficiently long propagation distance the beam-width spreading of partially coherent HChG beams with smaller Ch-part parameter and smaller waist width is less affected by turbulence. The results are illustrated by numerical examples, and the validity of the results is interpreted physically.     

Propagation behavior of SH waves in a piezomagnetic substrate with an orthorhombic piezoelectric layer

The dispersion behavior of the shear horizontal (SH) waves in the coupled structure consisting of a piezomagnetic substrate and an orthorhombic piezoelectric layer is investigated with different cut orientations. The surface of the piezoelectric layer is mechanically free, electrically shorted, or open, while the surface of the piezomagnetic substrate is mechanically free, magnetically open, or shorted. The dispersion relations are derived for four electromagnetic boundary conditions. The dispersion characteristics are graphically illustrated for the layered structure with the PMN-PT layer perfectly bonded on the CoFe₂O₄ substrate. The effects of the PMN-PT cut orientations, the electromagnetic boundary conditions, and the thickness ratio of the layer to the substrate on the dispersion behavior are analyzed and discussed in detail. The results show that, (i) the effect of the cut orientation on the dispersion curves is very obvious, (ii) the electrical boundary conditions of the PMN-PT layer dominate the propagation feature of the SH waves, and (iii) the thickness ratio has a significant effect on the phase velocity when the wave number is small. The results of the present paper can provide valuable theoretical references to the applications of piezoelectric/piezomagnectic structure in acoustic wave devices.